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Red Hat Tribe
Debian Tribe
Core Linux
Independent
Free Softwares (or) Open Source
Desktop Computing
Desktop Arts & Graphic
Mobile Computing
Other Unix Alike
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Red Hat Tribe

CentOS: CentOS stands for Community ENTerprise Operating System, popular in Server Line of GNU/Linux, is a Red Hat clone.
Fedora Core: Fedora Core is sponsored by Red Hat, thus also well known as bleeding edge of enterprise Red Hat software.
Rad Hat: One of the major enterprise grade GNU based Linux Distribution
Rocks Clusters: One of the Linux kernel hardcore distribution intended for computer clusters. Rocks is based on CentOS, but uses a modified installer that simplifies mass installation onto many computers.
Scientific Linux: Scientific Linux is an open source free GNU Linux distribution, co-developed by Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (http://www.fnal.gov) and Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire (CERN - http://www.cern.ch), and which aims to be 100% compatible with and based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

Debian: One of the famous Free Opensource GNU based Linux distribution
Edubuntu: Edubuntu is Ubuntu branch GNU/Linux distribution which mainly focus on Kid and Educational purpose.
GNewSense: GNewSense is Debian and Ubuntu base GNU/Linux distribution sponsored by Free Software Foundation.
Knoppix: Knoppix is Debian base GNU/Linux, small and mainly use in Live CD, Demo Software, Embedded.
Kubuntu: Kubuntu is one of the branch for Ubuntu, mainly focusing on KDE desktop environment.
Ubuntu: Ubuntu is lately popular to GNU/Linux Desktop market which base distribution based on Debian.
Xubuntu: Xubuntu is XFCE desktop branch of Ubuntu GNU/Linux Distribution.

Linux Foundation: Linux Foundation
Linux Kernel: Oop!
Linux-VServer: Linux-VServer is another popular software level virtualization on GNU/Linux operating system.
LinuxBIOS: LinuxBIOS is a Free Software project aimed at replacing the proprietary BIOS (firmware) you can find in most of today's computers.
OpenVZ: OpenVZ stand open virtualization which is software level linux kernel hacking sponsored by SWsoft.
uCLinux: The Linux/Microcontroller project is a port of Linux to systems without a Memory Management Unit (MMU).
Xen: Xen is hardware level virtualization of GNU/Linux including BSD and other operating system.

Gentoo: It is designed to be modular, portable, easy to maintain, flexible, and optimized for the user's machine. All tools and utilities are built from source code. Several large software packages are also available as precompiled binaries for various architectures via the Portage system.
OpenSuSE: OpenSuSE is free and opensource distribution of SuSE operating system which now acquired by Novell Inc.
Slackware: Well known as one of the earliest GNU/Linux distribution.
SuSE Linux: SuSE Linux is predecessor Jurix later acquired by Novell Inc, one of the Enterprise grade GNU/Linux distribution.

Free Softwares Directory: The Free Software Directory is a project of the Free Software Foundation (FSF) and United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). It's a catalog of useful free software that runs under free operating systems — particularly the GNU operating system and its GNU/Linux variants.
GNU Free Softwares: This particular web link have a guide to acquire GNU Free Softwares by CD/DVD and through FTP download.
GNU Project: GNU is not Unix, and is a Unix Clone free software packages available through internet, printed CD/DVD, download. GNU is probably called Operating System where there the Linux Kernel is the most popularly running over it. GNU Project is founded by Richard Stallman, later sponsored by Free Software Foundation.
Sourceforge: SourceForge.net is the world's largest Open Source software development web site, hosting more than 100,000 projects and over 1,000,000 registered users with a centralized resource for managing projects, issues, communications, and code.
Sourceware: From the start, Red Hat and Cygnus have embraced the model of Free Software. That's since the 1995 first release of Red Hat Linux and the 1989 first customer release of Cygnus GNUPro.

Freedesktop: Freedesktop
GIMP: GIMP
GNOME Desktop: GNOME is one of the most popular free desktop computing projects. From GNOME desktop project, there are several related desktop appliances.
GNOME Desktop ORG: GNOME Desktop Dot ORG is a news site for updated GNOME related technology.
GNOME Files: GNOME Files dot ORG is GNOME desktop related applications.
GTK: GTK+
Inkscape: Inkscape is a vector graphic editor.
KDE Desktop: KDE
WINE: WineHQ
wxWidgets: wxWidgets GUI
X.org: X.org
XFCE Desktop: XFCE
XFree86: XFree86
Xwinman: Xwinman is a place to find and compare the different type of desktop environments and window managers.

Art at GNOME: Art at GNOME is a official sub-domain of GNOME themes where you could play around the look and feel.
GNOME Look: GNOME Look is a place where you may find GNOME icons, themes and artworks.
KDE Look: KDE Look is a place to find KDE base icons, themes and art works.
Tango Free Desktop: The Tango Desktop Project exists to help create a consistent graphical user interface experience for free and Open Source software.
Xfce Look: Xfce Look is a place to find Xfce base icons, themes and art works.

Minix: Minix is a very small, unix-like operating system. It is older than Linux, and in fact, Linux is inspired by Minix. Very good for learning Operating System Concepts. Minix is widely used in OS courses around the world.

Kernelnewbies: Kernelnewbies are a community of people that improve or update their Kernels and of aspiring Linux kernel developers and more experienced developers willing to share their knowledge. We help each other learn how the Linux kernel works and occasionally discuss other operating system kernels.
Linux Command: You have Linux installed and running. The GUI is working fine, but you are getting tired of changing your desktop themes. You keep seeing this "terminal" thing.
OReilly Linux Command: Alphabetical Directory of Linux Commands
The Linux Documentation Project: The Linux Documentation Project
The Linux Information Project: The Linux Information Project (LINFO) is dedicated to providing high quality, comprehensive and easily accessible information about Linux and other free software.
Wikibook Guide to Unix Commands: Wikibook Guide to Unix Commands